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Asabuse of prescription opioidsin the United States has pass on epidemic proportions , researcher around the nation have been research for other style to extend people infliction relief , way that do n’t fetch such a peril of addiction .
Now , two sovereign squad of researcher have developed drug standardized tomarijuanathat show evidence of supply pain reliever in research laboratory animals , but have no apparentaddictive propertiesand do not do a " high-pitched " that impair motor affair .
The investigator presented their work today ( Nov. 14 ) at a news conference at the one-year meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in San Diego . [ 11 Odd Facts About Marijuana ]
near 50 million American adults havesignificant inveterate pain , concord to a government - fund field of study put out last year in the Journal of Pain . And opioids — a class of drug that includes OxyContin , Vicodin and morphia — are commonly prescribed for pain . An estimated 20 percent of patients with infliction receivean opioid prescription , a rate that has quadruple since 1999 , according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) .
However , opioids are extremely addictive . The CDC estimates that 2 million Americans abuse or were dependent on prescription medicine opioids in 2014 , contributing to about 14,000 deaths that class ( CDC datum demonstrate that an equal number of yearlydeaths are due to diacetylmorphine , which is an illegal opioid . )
Researchers in late years have assay to create drug compounds that can target pain receptors in the brain but not affect opioid receptors , the source for opioid addiction . Marijuana can supply some pain relief , but the drug has undesirable side effects , such as motor constipation and retention loss , and can be potentially addictive , although it is not an opioid drug . [ America ’s Opioid - Use Epidemic : 5 Startling fact ]
One research radical , led by Andrea Hohmann , a professor of neuroscience at Indiana University , has developed a course of instruction of compounds that partially mimics the action of the main psychoactive ingredient in marijuana , THC , short for THC . THC hasten cannabinoid receptors in the brain to release endocannabinoids , raw pain in the neck - relieving molecules .
Hohmann ’s compounds , called positive allosteric modulators , or PAMs , constipate to a recently discovered internet site ona cannabinoid brain receptorcalled CB1 , but they do not obligate to the distinctive THC receptor or the opioid receptor . As a final result , the compound produces pain relief without the high tie in with marijuana and without the risk of addiction .
In experiment , the compound cater pain relief to testing ground mouse that were given paclitaxel , a common cancer chemotherapy drug known to damage boldness and stimulate botheration .
The PAMs act in " a very targeted manner [ and ] amplified the healing effect of endocannabinoids , " Hohmann told Live Science . " you may consider it as ' turn up the gain . ' " [ 5 Surprising Facts About pain in the neck ]
Unlike marijuana orprescription opioids , the PAM compounds " do not tally every receptor everywhere , " she added .
Another group of researchers , led by Jason Clapper , a scientist at Abide Therapeutics in San Diego , took a different coming and train a compound that indirectly increased the amount of natural cannabinoids in the brains of stinkpot , which relieved the animals’chronic pain symptoms .
Clapper ’s chemical compound blocked the body ’s yield of a protein called MGLL , which through a series of events , triggered a waiver of the brain ’s natural endocannabinoids , andbrought subsequent nuisance relief .
" Today ’s finding break a better reason of the physical structure ’s cannabinoid system and how to regulate it , " say Margaret Haney , a drug - abuse expert at Columbia University in New York who was not link up with either research project . " There are now a number of ways to aim this scheme and possibly alleviate pain and other disease without rely on marijuana . "
Hohmann noted the path to world subject field " can be a long , tiresome route " but she ’s very mad about the voltage for this line of therapy .
